27 Forms of Shotokan Karate
Listed below are the 27 forms which Gichin Funakoshi brought to Japan in 1922, along with the original names, and main value of the kata as described by Funakoshi.



Name Of Kata
Meaning Of Name
Original Okinawan Name
Main Points to Learn
First Cause
Front stance, Downward block, Lunge punch.
Peaceful Mind 1st degree
Pinan 1
Front stance, Back stance, Stepping patterns, Lunge punch.
Peaceful Mind 2nd degree
Pinan 2
Front kick, side kick while changing directions.
Peaceful Mind 3rd degree
Pinan 3
Body connections in forearm blocking, back~fist strike.
Peaceful Mind 4th degree
Pinan 4
Balance and variation in techniques
Peaceful Mind 5th degree
Pinan 5
Balance and jumping.
Horse Riding
Naihanchi 1
Straddle~leg stance, hip variation.
Horse Riding
Naihanchi 2
Grasping and Hooking blocks.
Horse Riding
Naihanchi 3
Continuous middle~level blocking.
To Penetrate a Fortress (Rescue)
Patsai
Changing disadvantage into advantage by use of switching blocks and differing degrees of power.
Sky Viewing
Kushanku, Kokuson
Variation in fast and slow techniques; jumping.
(Name of Originator)
Jion
Turning, shifting, variations in stepping patterns.
Cresent or Half Moon
Sanchin
Inside tension stance; coordination of breathing with stepping, blocking, and punching; circular arm and leg movements.
10 Hands
Jutte
Powerful hip action, use of the staff. (May be performed with a staff in the hands.)
Flying Swallow
Wanshu
Fast slow movements, high and low body positions, reversal of body positions.
Crane on a Rock
Chinto
Balancing of one leg; side kick, back fist strike.
More advanced kata:
Immovable
Advanced ability and perfection of form timing, focus, and character.

Small Hands or Unusual Hands
24 Directions
Niseishi
The Lesser Bassai
Patsai or Passai
The Lesser Kanku
Kushanku
The Lesser 54 Directions
Useishi
The Greater 54 Directions
Useishi
Hands in The Clouds or Cloud~Water
Temple Grounds or Mercy and Kindness
King's Crown
Bright Mirror

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Last Update: 3/19/03